Third generation behavioural therapy for neurodevelopmental disorders: review and trajectories

Mauro Leoni, Serafino Corti and Roberto Cavagnola

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is mainly to present a general review of third generation cognitivebehavioural therapies (CBTs), and to debate whether these approaches are applicable to persons with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD).Design/methodology/approach – Despite the lack of consistent literature focused on this population, the authors have considered the available general literature on the third generation of CBTs and analysed core issues of the processes within the context of intellectual disabilities and Autism spectrum disorder. Findings – The evidence from typical developing population studies and the emerging literature specific to people with NDD is convincing, but there is a need for studies exploring how and when these therapeutic approaches can be applicable. Two behavioural approaches of third generation therapies – acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness-based CBT – appear to have the most potential to be adapted for robust intervention for the broad spectrum of persons with NDD. Research limitations/implications – The number of studies and methodologies applied are a clear limitation and the present paper is only exploratory. Originality/value – The paper supports clinicians to use the emerging protocols, and to replicate and implement procedures and techniques. Keywords Intellectual disabilities, Autism spectrum disorder, Cognitive-behavioural therapy, Acceptance and commitment treatment, Mindfulness-based therapy, Third wave psychotherapies Paper type General review

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